The Cuban Missile Crisis

The Cuban Missile Crisis Free Online Research Papers The Cuban Missile Crisis of October 1962 carried the world near an atomic showdown between the United States and the Soviet Union. The political positions received by the two sides almost forestalled a goals, however finally, a trade off was found and atomic war averted.Putting ballistic rockets outfitted with atomic weapons into Cuba salved the uncertainties of two men. In spite of the fact that John F. Kennedy had guaranteed that the U.S. lingered behind the Soviet Union in atomic capacities when he battled for the administration, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev knew something else. By the late spring of 1962, Khrushchev additionally was sure that the Americans knew something very similar. Soviet rockets could arrive at Europe, yet American rockets situated in Turkey could strike anyplace in the Soviet Union. Khrushchev expected that the lopsidedness would entice the U.S. to dispatch a first strike. Fidel Castro held his own interests. He had just withstood the Bay of Pigs Invasion in 1961 and President Kennedy put forth little attempt to disguise his proceeded with want to see Castro removed. Cuban knowledge had revealed reports dating to April 1962 that portrayed an arrangement to attack Cuba and oust Castro through Operation Mongoose, which incidentally was planned for October 1962. In this way when Khrushchev suggested that the Soviet Union ought to introduce rockets in Cuba focused on the U.S., Castro concurred. Development of rocket locales started in mid-July 1962. By August, expanded transportation action between the Soviet Union and Cuba had gone to the consideration of American insight. On August 10, John McCone, chief of the CIA, disclosed to Kennedy that, as he would see it, the Soviets proposed to introduce medium-go ballistic rockets (MRBMs) in Cuba. On August 29, a U-2 government agent plane on surveillance over Cuba brought back proof that surface-to-air (SAM) rockets had been introduced at areas in Cuba. While not themselves hostile weapons, their establishment showed Cuba’s powerful urge to guard those areas. Soviet Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin prompted Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, who was one of President Kennedys nearest counsels, that the establishments were altogether protective in nature. Be that as it may, truth be told, MRBMs started to show up 11 days after the fact. Proceeded with reports of Soviet rockets in Cuba provoked the choice to send another U-2 to investigate October 9. Awful climate deferred the trip until October 14. The photographic proof was broke down and notwithstanding the SAMs, six bigger rockets, 60 to 65 feet long, were distinguished. It was obvious to examiners on the fifteenth that those rockets were probably going to have atomic capacity. Kennedy was educated regarding the circumstance during his morning meal on the sixteenth. He immediately gathered the Executive Committee of the National Security Council (EX-COMM). That hand-picked gathering of 12 men would exhort Kennedy all through the unfurling emergency. They included Secretary of State Dean Rusk, Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara, CIA Director John McCone, Secretary of the Treasury Douglas Dillon, National Security Adviser McGeorge Bundy, Presidential Counsel Ted Sorenson, Undersecretary of State George Ball, Deputy Undersecretary of State U. Alexis Johnson, Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Maxwell Taylor, Assistant Secretary of State for Latin America Edward Martin, Adviser on Russian Affairs Llewellyn Thompson, Deputy Secretary of Defense Roswell Gilpatric, and Assistant Secretary of Defense Paul Nitze. Kennedy needed to keep up total mystery. He didn't need the Soviets to realize the amount he knew and he likewise didnt need to freeze the American open. So for the following four days, Kennedy kept up his reported timetable of open appearances. On the seventeenth, the president traveled to Connecticut on the side of Abraham Ribicoffs offer for a U.S. Senate seat. Around the same time, another U-2 flight uncovered the presence of middle range ballistic rockets (IRBMs) that would have the option to strike almost anyplace in the mainland United States. On the eighteenth, Kennedy met with Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko. The rockets were not legitimately brought into the conversations by either side. Gromyko again denied that the Soviet Union was doing anything in Cuba aside from aiding that countrys protection. Kennedy re-read his announcement from September 4, where he had said that hostile weapons in Cuba would not go on without serious consequences. That night, Kennedy got a suggestion from EX-COMM to barricade Cuba as opposed to dispatch a military strike. Kennedy concurred, however taught his speech specialist, Theodore Sorenson, to get ready two addresses: One would report the bar and the other an attack. Kennedy kept on showing up out in the open just as nothing were occurring. On the nineteenth, he traveled to the Midwest for a progression of battle appearances. In the interim, back in Washington, his sibling Robert proceeded with extreme conversations with EX-COMM. The Joint Chiefs of Staff needed to practice the military choice, yet consens Exploration Papers on The Cuban Missile CrisisAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Twilight of the UAWQuebec and CanadaOpen Architechture a white paperNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionAssess the significance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenWhere Wild and West MeetGenetic Engineering

Do Sentences Have Identity? :: Equiformity Language Composition Papers

Do Sentences Have Identity? We concentrate here equiformity, the standard personality basis for sentences. This idea was advanced by Lesniewski, referenced by Tarski and characterized unequivocally by Presburger. At the commonsense level this model appears to be useful yet in the event that the thought of sentence is taken as a basic reason for rationale and science, it appears that this rule can't be kept up without endless loop. It appears to be additionally that equiformity has some semantical highlights ; possibly this isn't so clear for singular signs yet sentences are frequently considered as significant mixes of signs. On the off chance that importance needs to assume a job, we are along these lines perhaps in no preferred situation over when managing character model for suggestions. In formal rationale, one talks rather about very much shaped equations, however shut recipes are called sentences since they are significant as in they can be valid or bogus. Recipes look preferred like numerical articles ov er material engravings and equiformity doesn't appear to concern them. Different congruencies can be considered as personalities among recipes and specifically to have the equivalent consistent structure. One can say that the objects of investigation of rationale are preferably sensible structures over sentences considered as material engravings. 1. What is equiformity? A few rationalists have dismissed suggestions for sentences, contending specifically that there is no acceptable personality standard for recommendations (cf. Quine, 1970). Be that as it may, is there one for sentences? The possibility that rationale is about sentences as opposed to recommendations and that sentences are nothing more that material engravings was at that point created by Lesniewski, who additionally observed quickly the fundamental trouble of this origination and acquainted the idea of equiformity with settle it. His mentality his very much portrayed in a commentary of one of Tarski’s well known early papers: As of now clarified, sentences are here viewed as material items (engravings). (...) It isn't generally conceivable to shape the ramifications of two sentences (they may happen in broadly isolated spots). So as to streamline matters we have (...) submitted a mistake; this comprises in distinguishing equiform sentences (as S. Lesniewski calls them). This blunder can be expelled by deciphering S as the arrangement of a wide range of sentences (and not of sentences) and by adjusting in an undifferentiated from way the instinctive feeling of other primitve ideas. In this association by the kind of a sentence x we comprehend the arrangement of all sentences which are equiform with x.

30 Books from the Beginning of 2017 That Deserve Another Look

30 Books from the Beginning of 2017 That Deserve Another Look Its that time of year again when all the Best Books lists come out, and I always feel like a lot of the books released early in the year are forgotten. It was an AMAZING year for books, so I thought Id do something fun and share 30 books that came out in early 2017 I thought deserve a second look. I tweeted these over the weekend, and thought they were worth collecting here. There might be a hidden gem that you missed! (And if youre anxious to get your 2018 TBR rolling, I have a list of suggestions for that, too.) Idaho by Emily Ruskovich:  Heartbreaking debut about marriage and loss in which a wife struggles to discover what happened during her husbands first marriageâ€"his first wife is now in prisonâ€"before his memory fades completely. The Girl in Green by Derek B. Miller:  Two men are given a second chance to save a girl they couldnt help 20 years earlier during the Gulf War. (But obviously it will be more complicated than that.) I already consider it a modern classic about war and redemption. Fever Dream by Samanta Schweblin: A slim, bananapants book of what-the-effery that will take you out at the knees, and probably give you nightmares to boot. Purrrrrrrrr. Lucky Boy  by Shanthi Sekaran: Timely, compassionate novel about a woman whose son is removed from her care when she is placed in a detention center, and the woman who takes him in and fights to keep him. Lightwood by Steph Post: Gritty Florida noir about a former inmate who returns to his violent rural hometown and tries to make good as chaos and crime swirl all around him. Six Wakes  by Mur Lafferty: Space! Clones! A murder mystery! Its up to newly-awakened clones to discover who is killing people aboard the ship before it becomes their *final* final frontier. The Man Who Shot Out My Eye is Dead: Stories  by Chanelle Benz: Arresting debut collection of stories, with characters throwing themselves headfirst into morally questionable situations with devastating effects. The Second Mrs. Hockaday by Susan Rivers: A new bride is left alone to care for her infant son and the farm when her husband is called to fight in the Civil War. He returns two years later to find her in prison. What transpired while he was away? A fantastic debut. Days Without End  by Sebastian Barry: Okay, this one won the Costa, but I love it so much, I had to mention it. Its about the horrors of warâ€"a young Irish man and his bff enlist in the Civil Warâ€"but its also the sweetest love story I read this year. The Nature Fix: Why Nature Makes Us Happier, Healthier, and More Creative  by Florence Williams: Go outside. Right now. Everything Belongs to Us  by Yoojin Grace Wuertz: Four lives from different backgrounds are swept up together in politics, betrayal, and broken dreams in Seoul, 1978. The Dry  by Jane Harper: Two murder mysteries in one! A blisteringly wonderful (and slightly horrifying) story about a sheriff who returns to his hometown for the funeral of a friend accused of murder 20 years earlier. The sequel is just as good and out 2/6/18! Cannibalism: A Perfectly Natural History by Bill Schutt: Do you love Mary Roach, science, and the taste of human flesh? Or even 2 out of 3 of those things? Then you should read this book. Its fascinating, and its a more realistic look at the future than The Road. Abandon Me: Memoirs  by Melissa Febos: A raw, unflinching exploration of identity and art. I am a sucker for a book that flays me open. Things We Lost in the Fire: Stories  by Mariana Enríquez: Wildly imaginative tales of the dark and strange. (FYI: The fastest way to get me to read something is to get a blurb from Kelly Link.) Animals Strike Curious Poses  by Elena Passarello: 16 wonderful essays about animals named and immortalized by humans. (+5 Prince lyric usage.) Desperation Road  by Michael Farris Smith: After eleven years in prison, Russell wants to return home to start a quiet life. But it wont be possible, with trouble finding him at every turn. A quietly powerful novel of regret and redemption. Harmless Like You  by Rowan Hisayo Buchanan: A beautiful debut set in Japan and NYC, about a young artist and the son she abandoned. What You Dont Know  by JoAnn Chaney: A gripping psychological thriller about the people left behind in the aftermath of a serial killer. The first few pages stressed me out SO MUCHâ€"it made me so happy. Perfect for true crime and Mindhunter fans. Traveling with Ghosts: A Memoir  by Shannon Leone Fowler: Heartbreaking story about the sudden death of Fowlers fiancé, and how she worked out her grief through travel. The Best We Could Do  by Thi Bui: A beautifully illustrated memoir about Buis familys escape from Vietnam, the difficulties they faced in a new country, and Buis experience as a parent herself. Rabbit Cake  by Annie Hartnett: Precocious 10-year-old Elvis Babbitt attempts to navigate her place in the world as grief over the loss of her mother affects her and her father and sister in very different ways. Charming and sad. Himself  by Jess Kidd: I was completely enraptured by this whimsicalâ€"but darkâ€"Irish mystery. Mrs. Cauley is one of the most kick-ass elderly women in literature. My Favorite Thing is Monsters  by Emil Ferris: I am OBSESSED with this graphic novel about a young monster-loving girl in 1960s Chicago, who decides to be a detective and investigate her neighbors death. The artwork is like nothing else. Seriously. All Grown Up by Jami Attenberg: This novel is so refreshingly honest. Life is messy and hard and sad, and the flaws in being human are translated beautifully through Andrea, the main character. Made me laugh and laugh and cry and cry. The Twelve Lives of Samuel Hawley  by Hannah Tinti: A motherless young girl, who is moved from town to town by a father with a dark past, yearns to discover more about her mother and the stories behind the twelve scars on her fathers body. Swimmer Among the Stars: Stories  by Kanishk Tharoor: Utterly original tales, set all around the world in both the past and the present. The Hearts of Men  by Nickolas Butler: Brutal, insightful novel about fathers, bullying, toxic masculinity, war, and redemption. I found myself holding my breath at the end. Sorry to Disrupt the Peace  by Patty Yumi Cottrell: A heart-wrenching, darkly comic story about a young woman who returns to her childhood home to figure out why her brother took his own life. GAH. Wait Till You See Me Dance: Stories  by Deb Olin Unferth: These 39 tales are profound, acerbic, and surprising, and most are nothing short of amazing. If you enjoy droll, smart fiction, this is the book for you.

The Concept of Yagna and Vedic Cultural Values - 1545 Words

Introduction Vedic tradition promotes sacrifice (yajna) as one of the essential concepts in peoples lives, as people believed that it assisted people in connecting with the divine. This would enable individuals to complete the purpose of living: to worship divinity and accept its role as the creator of the universe. Sacrifice is generally regarded by Vedic tradition as having the mission to bring harmony and stabilize conditions in nature. In addition to this, harmony is also believed to assist individuals in achieving harmony with themselves, as they would apparently experience harmony if they performed sacrifice. Sacrifice was often used with the purpose of assisting kings and their families care for state affairs and being able to deal with demanding situations that the community came across. Background Yajna was a concept that needed to be looked at from two perspectives, as in addition to having to perform the process in accordance with cultural values, individuals also had to go through great efforts in order to influence divinity to accept their sacrifices. Now, as for many other peoples, for the Vedic people too, the means through which sacrifice must pass to be brought to its fulfillment is fire (Vesci 14). The God Agni is one of the principal figures in Vedic tradition that has the purpose of assisting people in connecting with the divine. The fact that even his name stands as a reference to fire demonstrates that fire holds a particularlyShow MoreRelatedIndo-English Women Poetry: A Journey From Feminism to Post-Feminism1820 Words   |  8 Pagespurple buds and red, Leant down, - and, mid the pale greens edge The louts raised its head And softly, softly hour by hour Light faded and a veil Fell over tree, wave, and flower On came the twilight pale(Dutt1986:90). These romantic poets value spontaneity in thought and expression. Words and images were chosen to turn the familiar into a thing of beauty and tenderness. This early poetry is generally sentimental and sad. Indo-English poetry was first written by Kashiprasad Ghoshe (1809-1873)Read MoreThe Ramayana Is Not Just A Story5045 Words   |  21 Pagesexplores human values and the concept of dharma. Verses in the Ramayana are written in a 32-syllable meter called . The Ramayana was an important influence on later Sanskrit poetry and Hindu life and culture. Like the Mahabharata, the Ramayana is not just a story: it presents the teachings of ancient Hindu sages in narrative allegory, interspersing philosophical and devotional elements. The characters Rama, Sita, Lakshman, Bharata, Hanuman, and Ravana are all fundamental to the cultural consciousness

A Critical Assessment Of Interprofessional Working Of...

This essay aims to provide a critical analyse upon interprofessional working in health care presenting its importance and identifying issues and barriers that impact on the patients treatment. Furthermore, a multidisciplinary team meeting will be presented to identify the impact of different health care professionals such as a physiotherapist, an occupational therapist and a nurse have on a patient with complex need and how the patient receives the care needed due to the collaborative practice. In addition, a comparison between physiotherapy, occupational therapy and nursing practice will be outlined regarding professional regulation and both pre-registration and continuing†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, The Centre for the Advancement of Interprofessional Education (CAIPE 2017) accentuate the importance of interprofessional education as is aiming to provide the students the opportunity to acknowledge the significance of interprofessioanl working and its impact on practice through exposure and engagement to collaborating working from an early stage and implemented in the training. Consequently, it was recognised that interprofessional working impact substantially on the quality of care and core recommendations were made and guidance was published to support health and social care staff to overcome barriers and limitations of an active collaboration between different agencies. Main body The multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting that the author attended was regarding Laura s case, a 62 year old lady that lives alone and had a fall followed by knee surgery at her right leg which now needed rehabilitation. Laura also has Hypertension, arthritis and recently diagnosed with Parkinson which are managed with medication. In the MDT attended Laura and her daughter, the physiotherapist, occupational therapist, the nurse and the author as aShow MoreRelatedThe Collaborative Practice Of Multiple Health Professionals1142 Words   |  5 PagesInterprofessional practice is a collaborative practice where multiple health professionals work together in health services to provide comprehensive services to their patients, families and communities to get a more effective result by improving the quality of work. The collaborative practise is basically used by the nursing team or other health care workers who are the member of interprofessional team. â€Å"A call for interprofessional te am and collaborative practice development has been sounded acrossRead MoreNursing Assessment and Patient Care Essay1181 Words   |  5 Pagesthis patient was of a particular critical nature due to the fact that her dialysis treatment had moved her rapidly through the first two stages of shock with her compensatory mechanisms failing very quickly (Tait, 2012). It was also much harder to identify the early signs of hypovolaemic shock, as some of the signs and symptoms could have been attributed to her kidney failure (Macintosh and Moore, 2011; Murphy and Byrne, 2009). The time span of the nursing care provided for this patient will beRead MoreTeen Pregnancy Essay1667 Words   |  7 PagesTeenage pregnancy has long been acknowledged as an important health, social and economic problem in the United States, one that creates hardships for women and families and threatens the health and well-being of women and their infants. Unintended pregnancies span across age, race and religion, with a specific negative impact among the teenage population. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC, 2016) In 2015, a total of 229,715 babies were born to women aged 15–19 years, for a birth rateRead MoreEssay about Community Nursing and Interprofessional Collaboration945 Words   |  4 Pagesthat I have experienced and witnessed the process for interprofessional collaboration between the community nurse and other professionals that I have never knew about before. This event made me realize that there are many aspects of community nursing that I have kn ew about before where in this situation it is the importance and accountability of interprofessional collaboration. From my nursing theory course I have learned that interprofessional collaboration is when the nurse forms relationships withRead MoreNursing: Providing The Best Possible Care For Patients1457 Words   |  6 Pagesalso provides quality patient-centered care. My philosophy involves having a strong base knowledge of medicine as well as being able to provide compassionate patient-centered care. I believe nursing is holistic and committed to achieving the best patient outcome. My belief of nursing being holistic is that it involves a person, environment, health, and nursing. I also believe that it is extremely important for nurses to be able to work in interprofessional teams as well as work together with otherRead MoreMission, Governance, And Financing858 Words   |  4 PagesMission, Governance, and Financing Christus St. Elizabeth Outpatient Wound Care Clinic is primarily a community health agency that serves the Beaumont and Southeast Texas area. Its mission statement is â€Å"to extend the healing ministry of Jesus Christ† (â€Å"Our Mission, Values, and Vision†, 2016). As a not-for-profit agency, Christus St. Elizabeth Wound Care Clinic works with numerous agencies to make a profound effect in the lives of patients and to promote a positive change in the community. A mixtureRead MorePatient Centered Pain Control Of Elderly People With Dementia6067 Words   |  25 Pagessubpopulation) throughout the world that are living in pain constantly. Because dementia as a condition with multifaceted symptomology manifested by advancing overall decline of cognitive ability, it causes severe and distinctive barriers to pain assessment and pain management in this subpopulation. The existence of multiple comorbidities, polypharmacy and the declining cognition in this subpopulation r esults in a much more complex pain symptomology. Zwakhalen, Hamers, Abu-Saad, and (replaced withRead MoreAmerican Psychiatric Association Of Occupational Therapists1087 Words   |  5 Pages Reference Al-Mutair, A, Plummer, V, O brien, A, Clerehan, R (2013) ‘Family needs and involvement in the intensive care unit: a literature review’, Journal of Clinical Nursing, 22, 13/14, pp. 1805-1817, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, EBSCOhost, viewed 10 December 2014. American and Psychiatric Association (1994) The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Washington DC. American Psychiatric Association Balzer-Riley (2008) Communication in Nursing, 6th edn.Read MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of The Stroke Recovery Process2210 Words   |  9 PagesFoundation (2016) 16 out of every 100 patients who has suffered a stroke without a past history of dementia, will more than likely develop dementia after their first or recurrent stroke. Working in the Integrated Stroke Unit, patients hospitalized for stroke who also have dementia required quite a lot of complex care, which is understandable, as according to the Canadian Institute for Heath Information, stroke patients with dementia are are at a much greater risk of dying than those without dementiaRead MoreWhat Is Interprofessional Education And How Is It Essential For Patient Quality Outcomes? Essay2162 Words   |  9 Pagesfor Mercy Care Facilities and the newly hired Dean of Nursing at the local University. In order to start the process of Interprofessional education we will create a written plan. What is Interprofessional Education and how is it essential for patient quality outcomes? 1. Interprofessional competency education is essential to patient quality outcomes because as stated in the Institute of medicine’s report patients have complex medical issues that can best be addressed by interprofessional teams. By

Evidence-based Interventions for a Patient Suffering from Dementia Free Essays

Introduction Evidence-based practice has been promoted in all healthcare levels in the NHS (Department of Health, 2012). This is done to ensure that interventions are supported by current evidence in healthcare and have been found to be effective for most patients (Pearson et al., 2009). We will write a custom essay sample on Evidence-based Interventions for a Patient Suffering from Dementia or any similar topic only for you Order Now The use of evidence-based practice is rooted in the belief that patients should only receive quality care (Pearson et al., 2009). The same approach is used when caring for patients with mental health conditions. In the policy, No Health without Mental Health (Department of Health, 2012), the NHS has emphasised that patients suffering from mental health conditions should receive quality and evidence-based care. This brief aims to critically discuss the case of an 80-year old woman who is suffering from dementia and the different forms of interventions that could be applied to the case. Consistent with the Nursing and Midwifery Council’s (NMC, 2008) code of conduct, a pseudonym will be used to hide the identity of the patient. This brief discusses the purpose of evidence-based practice in managing patients with a progressive condition such as dementia. An investigation on the different forms of evidence-based interventions and their potential impact for promoting inclusion would also be presented. A discussion on interventions as means to develop a shared understanding of the patient’s needs would also be done. Legal, ethical and socio-political factors that influence the intervention process would also be explored. Finally, the last part discusses my role as a nurse in the intervention process. Using Evidence-based Interventions for Patients with Dementia The Nursing and Midwifery Council’s (NMC, 2008) Code of Conduct has stressed the importance of delivering quality evidence-based care that is patient-centred. Fitzpatrick (2007a) emphasised that the past model of evidence-based intervention relies only on current evidence from literature to support clinical decisions. Current studies that are of high quality are often used to inform current practices. Fitzpatrick (2007b; 2007c) exmphasised that nurses and other healthcare professionals should have the skills to critically assess the quality of a study and determine whether the findings are applicable to one’s current and future practice. Evaluating the strength of the evidence presented in a research study would require understanding of the search process and whether themes or findings from the study are credible or trustworthy (Polit and Beck, 2010). In recent years, this definition has included best practices, personal experiences of healthcare professional on providi ng care, experiences of colleagues, opinions of experts and current guidelines on a health condition (Fitzpatrick, 2007a; 2007b, 2007c; Greenhalgh, 2010). This new definition embraces other sources of evidence that could be used to help healthcare practitioners and patients make decisions regarding their care. Greenhalgh (2010) specifically points out that while there is reliance on good evidence from published studies, including the experiences of nurses, expert opinion and best practices to aid decision-making would ensure that patients receive quality care. Communicating evidence from published literature is also essential in helping patients decide on the best form of intervention. Morrisey and Calighan (2011) emphasises that effective communication is needed to convey findings of a study in a manner that is understandable to the patient. Successful use of evidence depends first on the quality of relationship between the healthcare providers and the patients (Croker et al., 2013. Kizer (2002) argued that for better care, the relationship between the healthcare professionals and the patients should be strengthened first. Kizer (2002) observe that, â€Å"this intimate relationship is the medium by which information, feelings, fears, concerns, and hopes are exchanged between caregiver and patient† (p. 117). In the UK, The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE, 2006) and the National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health (2007) have provided evidence-based guidelines on how to care for patients with dementia. These guidelines along with current literature, my own and my colleagues’ experiences, expert opinion and the experiences of my patient and her carers will form evidence on the best form of interventions for the patient. My patient’s name is Laura (not her real name). She is 80 years old with dementia, a condition that is progressive and characterized by deterioration of mental state, aggressive behaviour and agitation (Department of Health, 2009). A psychiatric consultant oversees the management of her condition. She has been receiving medications for her dementia but her GP and psychiatrist are discussing alternative drugs to reduce her anxiety level and regulate her sleeping patterns. She is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and is mobilised with a frame following a broken hip. While she is still lucid and can communicate clearly, it is a challenge to care for her during nighttime when she becomes more anxious and shows signs of confusion. Patients with dementia suffer from progressive cognitive impairments (Department of Health, 2009) that could have an impact on how they receive information from their healthcare professionals and carers and in their adherence to medications. In the case of my patient, she is now showing signs of advanced dementia (NICE, 2006). This could be a challenge since her ability to refuse treatment or engage in healthcare decisions is severely reduced (Department for Constitutional Affairs, 2007). In the UK, the Mental Health Act 2007 (UK Legislation, 2007) and the Mental Capacity Act (Department for Constitutional Affairs, 2007) serve as guides on how to care for patients with mental health conditions such as dementia. These acts serve to protect the rights of the patient by locating a representative of the patient who could decide on her behalf. Hence, any interventions introduced for the patient should be agreed by the patient’s immediate family members or appointed guardian (Depart ment for Constitutional Affair, 2007). Since dementia is a progressive condition that could eventually lead to palliative care, the nurses have to ensure that the patient receives appropriate support during the trajectory of the condition. In my patient’s case, she needs immediate interventions for anxiety and sleep disturbance. She is also currently taking medications for her type 2 diabetes. The NICE (2006) guideline has stated the use of psychological intervention for patients with dementia. These include cognitive behavioural therapy, which will include the patient’s carers, animal-assisted therapy, reminiscence therapy, multisensory stimulation and exercise. Evidence-based Interventions and Potential Impact for Promoting Inclusion A number of studies (Casartelli et al., 2013; Monaghan et al., 2012; Ewen et al., 2012) have shown that exercise could improve the mobility of patients following hip surgery. Most of these studies use the randomised controlled trial study design, which ranks high in the hierarchy of evidence (Greenhalgh, 2010). This type of design reduces selection bias of the participants and increases the credibility of the findings of the study (Polit and Beck, 2010). The NICE (2013) guideline for fall also supports exercise intervention for improving patient’s mobility. My patient Laura is using a frame to aid her walking following a fall and an exercise intervention would improve her mobility. Considering that Laura is also suffering from anxiety, I counseled with the carer that we might consider an exercise intervention to both manage anxiety and improve mobility of the patient. This was well-received by the carer who expressed that they could help the patient with a structured walking e xercise. Meanwhile, cognitive behavioural therapy (Kurz et al., 2012; Hopper et al., 2013) has also been shown to be effective in reducing anxiety amongst patients and in regulating sleep behaviour. This form of intervention was also introduced to Laura and her carer. A programme was created where she would receive CBT on a weekly basis. It should be noted that the psychiatrist and the GP in the healthcare team are considering on alternative pharmacologic therapy to regulate sleeping behaviour and anxiety of the patient. While this might have a positive effect on the patient, it should be noted that medications for anxiety have side effects. For instance, the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as rivastigmine, galantamine and donepezil are known to have side effects on the cognition of patients (Porsteinsson et al., 2013; Moncrieff and Cohen, 2009). As a nurse and part of the team, I suggested to the team to consider the effects of pharmacologic interventions on the patient. Further, the NICE (2006) guideline also states that only specialists, that include GPs specialising in elderly care or psychiatrists, should initiate pharmacologic interventions. This guideline also emphasises that the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of the patient should be between 10 to 20 points. In Laura’s case, she is pro gressing from moderately severe dementia to its severe form. Introducing pharmacologic interventions might only worsen the cognitive state of Laura. Meanwhile, there is strong evidence from a systematic review (Filan and Llewellyn-Jones, 2006) on the effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy in reducing psychological and behavioural symptoms of dementia. A systematic review also ranks as high as randomised controlled trials in the hierarchy of evidence (Greenhalgh, 2010). Findings of Filan and Llewellyn-Jones (2006) also reveal that it can promote social behaviour amongst patients. This form of therapy was initially considered in Laura’s case due to its possible effects on the sleep behaviour of the patient. However, current evidence is still unclear on whether the effects could be sustained for prolonged periods. In application to my patient’s case, the use of animal-assisted therapy might be difficult to carry out since the patient has to depend on a carer for her daily needs. However, our team decided on using music therapy for the patient. Similar to animal-assisted therapy, there is also strong evidence on the e ffectiveness of music therapy in managing anxiety, depression and aggression amongst patients with dementia (Sakamoto et al., 2013; Wall and Duffy, 2010). Importantly, cognitive behavioural and music therapies and exercise interventions all promote inclusion of the patient in the care process (Repper and Perkins, 2003). In cognitive behavioural therapy, the patient and her carer receive support on how to manage anxiety and sleeping behaviour. Since carers are highly involved during CBT, there is a higher chance that the intervention would be successful (Hopper et al., 2013). It has been shown that carers of patients with chronic conditions such as dementia are also at risk of developing depression and anxiety (Department of Health, 2009). Smith et al. (2007) explain that this might be due to the realisation that the patient would not recover from the illness. Further, these carers have to prepare themselves for the patient’s end-of-life care. All these realisations could influence the carer’s own mental health (Smith et al., 2007). Hence, it is important that interventions are not only holistic for the patient, but should also include the carers in the process. Hence, implementing CBT would promote inclusion in practice (Wright and Stickley, 2013). The patient in my care is also suffering from type 2 diabetes. Pharmacologic interventions would include metformin and insulin therapy (NICE, 2008). Non-pharmacologic interventions include exercise, behavioural modification and diet. This presents a complex problem for Laura since it has been shown that elderly patients are also at greatest risk of malnutrition due to the aging process (Department of Health, 2009). Patients with dementia could experience feeding behavioural problems. When patients are admitted in hospitals, the new environment and lack of social interaction with peers could act as triggers in behavioural problems (Department of Health, 2009). Since patients might lack the cognitive ability to express themselves, this might present as aggressive behaviour (NICE, 2006). Hence, ensuring that Laura receives appropriate nutrition during her hospital stay could be influenced by changes in her behaviour. It is important that patients with type 2 diabetes do not only receive pharmacologic interventions but should also have sufficient diet. This is seen as a challenge in Laura’s case since she could experience feeding problems due to loss in cognitive abilities. For instance, she might be reminded on how to chew food or why she needs to eat (Department of Health, 2009). In patients with severe forms, the main aim of feeding is now focused on comfort feeding rather than allowing patients to eat the proper amount of food (Department of Health, 2009). Hence, managing Laura’s type 2 diabetes through proper feeding would be an added challenge to her care. Legal, Ethical and Socio-Political Factors that Influence the Intervention Process Decisions on the care and interventions received by the patient are influenced by several factors. First, the Mental Health Act 2007 (UK Legislation, 2007) states that patients with mental health condition could seek voluntary admission to hospitals and leave whenever they want. This Act also states that patients could only be forced to receive treatment in hospital settings if they are detained under this Act. Laura and her carer could refuse treatment or interventions at any point of her care and my team and I would respect her decision. Observance of this provision under the Mental Health Act would also be consistent with patient-centred care where patients are empowered to act for own benefit and to choose appropriate interventions. Apart from the legal aspects that influence the delivery of interventions, ethical issues should also be observed. In the ethics principle of beneficence, nurses and other healthcare practitioners should ensure that the interventions would be benefici al to the patient (Beauchamp and Childress, 2001). In Laura’s case, all the interventions cited previously have been shown to be beneficial to the patient. Only the pharmacologic interventions are associated with adverse and side effects for the patient (Popp and Arlt, 2011). Hence, as a nurse, I lobbied for inclusion of non-pharmacologic interventions instead of reliance on anticholinergic drugs to control the patient’s behaviour. In addition to beneficence, Beauchamp and Childress (2001) also add the ethics principles of autonomy, non-maleficence and justice. In Laura’s case, her autonomy would be respected. Allowing patients to participate in the decision-making process is crucial. However, patients with dementia suffer from cognitive impairments that could influence their decision-making ability (Wright et al., 2009). In accordance with the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (Department for Constitutional Affairs, 2007), the carers of Laura could be appointed to act on her behalf. In non-maleficence, the main aim of the interventions is to promote the health of the patient. There are no known side effects of the psychosocial and exercise interventions. Justice will be observed if Laura receives tailored-interventions that would address her needs. It is important that regardless of the patient’s background, religion, race, gender, ethnicity, she should receive healthcare interventions fit for her needs. This ethics principle is observed since a healthcare team has been addressing Laura’s healthcare needs. While all interventions are patient-centred, socio-political issues that could influence the interventions include the recent changes in the NHS structure where local health boards are primarily responsible for allocating funds to healthcare services (Department for Constitutional Affairs, 2007). Hence, if dementia care is not a priority in the local health board, health programmes for dementia might not receive sufficient funding. This could pose considerable problems for the elderly who are dependent on the NHS for their care. Laura has been receiving sufficient support for her mental health condition. This demonstrates that dementia care remains a priority in my area of care. A survey of the support system in my community reveals that support groups for carers are available. This is essential since supporting carers is also a priority in the NHS (National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, 2007). Role of the Nurse in the Intervention Process On reflection of the case, I have a role to coordinate care with other team members and to ensure that the patient receives patient-centered care. As a nurse, I have to adhere to the NMC’s (2008) code of conduct and observe patient safety. Recognising that dementia is a progressive condition, I should also focus on interventions that not only addresses the current behavioural problems of the patient but also on preparing the carer and Laura’s family members on palliative care. The NICE (2006) guideline has stated that nurses have an important role in preparing patients of dementia and their family members on end-of-life care. This could be a highly stressful stage in the patient’s disease trajectory or could be one of acceptance and peace for the family. As a nurse, I have to ensure that interventions are appropriate to the stage of dementia that the patient is experiencing. Since nursing is a continuing process, I have to inform the family members that the patie nt will increasingly lose her cognitive abilities and would have difficulty feeding in the last stages of the condition (National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, 2007). I have to ensure that the patient receives both spiritual and physical support at this stage. Evidence-based care is crucial in ensuring that patients receive the appropriate intervention. In my role as a nurse, I have to ensure that interventions are acceptable to the patient. I should also consider the preferences of the patient, their past experiences and their own perceptions on how to best manage their condition. Since I would be caring for a patient with declining cognitive abilities, I should ensure that her dignity would be maintained (Baillie and Gallagher, 2011). As part of my future learning development, I will attend courses on how to conduct end-of-life care for patients with dementia. Through Laura, I realised that a patient’s dignity should always be observed. It is recommended that in my future and present practice, I will continue to rely on literature on the best form of interventions of my patient. I will also consult with my colleagues, seek expert opinion and the patient’s experiences on how to choose and deliver interventions. Conclusion Evidence-based practice is important in helping patients achieve quality care. In this case, Laura is an 80-year old patient with dementia. She exhibits the moderate form of the condition but is beginning to show signs of advance dementia. As her nurse, I have the duty to observe ethics in healthcare and to seek for interventions that are evidence-based. However, I also realised that other factors also influence the delivery of interventions. These include socio-political, legal and ethical factors. As a nurse, I have to protect the patient’s rights, act as her advocate and ensure her safety during the trajectory of the condition. For future practice, I will continue to practice evidence-based practice. I will also encourage others in the mental health profession to always consider the patient’s preferences when caring for patients with dementia. When patients are unable to decide for their own care, the carer of the patient could act on her behalf. Finally, as a mental health nurse, I should constantly update myself with the best form of interventions for patients with dementia. This will ensure that my patients will receive evidence-based interventions. References Baillie, L. Gallagher, A. (2011). ‘Respecting dignity in care in diverse care settings: Strategies of UK nurses’. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 17, pp. 336-341. Beauchamp, T. Childress, J. (2001). Principles of biomedical ethics. 5th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Casartelli, N., Item-Glatthorn, J., Bizzini, ., Leunig, M. Maffiuletti, N. (2013). ‘Differences in gait characteristics between total hip, knee, and ankle arthroplasty patients: a six-moth postoperative comparison’. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorder, 14:176 doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-176. Croker, J., Swancut, D., Roberts, M., Abel, G., Roland, M. Campbell, J. (2013) ‘Factors affecting patients’ trust and confidence in GPs: evidence from the national GP patient survey’, BMJ Open, 3(5). Pii: e002762. Doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002762. Department of Health (2012). No Health Without Mental Health. London: Department of Health. Department of Health (2009). Living Well with dementia: A National Dementia Strategy. London: Department of Health. Department for Constitutional Affairs (2007). Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice. Norwich: The Stationery Office. Ewen, A., Stewart, S., St Clair Gibson, A., Kashyap, S. Caplan, N. (2012). ‘Post-operative gait analysis in total hip replacement patients- a review of current literature and meta-analysis’. Gait Posture, 36(1), pp. 1-6. Filan, S. Llewellyn-Jones, R. (2006). ‘An animal-assisted therapy for dementia: a review of the literature’. International Psychogeriatrics, 18(4), pp. 597-611. Fitzpatrick, J. (2007a). ‘Finding the research for evidence-based practice: Part one- The development of EBP’. Nursing Times, 103(17), pp. 32-33. Fitzpatrick, J. (2007b). ‘Finding the research for evidence-based practice: Part two-selecting credible evidence’. Nursing Times, 103(18), pp. 32-33. Fitzpatrick, J. (2007c). ‘How to turn research into evidence-based practice: Part three- Making a case’. Nursing Times, 103(19), pp. 32-33. Greenhalgh, T. (2010). How to read a paper: the basics of evidence-based medicine. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley and Sons. Hopper, T., bourgeois, M., Pimentel, J., Qualls, C., Hickey, E., Frymark, T. Schooling, T. (2013). ‘An evidence-based systematic review on cognitive interventions for individuals with dementia’. American Journal of Speech and Language Pathology, 22(1), pp. 126-145. Kizer, K. (2002). ‘Patient centred care: essential but probably not sufficient’. Quality and Safety in Health Care, 11, pp. 117-118. Kurz, A., Thone-Otto, A., Cramer, B., Egert, S., Frolich, L., Gertz, H., Kehl, V., Wagenpfeil, S. Werheid, K. (2012). ‘CORDIAL: Cognitive rehabilitation and cognitive-behavioral treatment for early dementia in Alzheimer disease: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial’. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 26(3), pp. 246-253. Monaghan, B., Grant, T., Hing, W. Cusack, T. (2012). ‘Functional exercise after total hip replacement (FEATHER): a randomised control trial’, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorder. 13:237 doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-13-237. Moncrieff, J. Cohen, D. (2009). ‘How do psychiatric drugs work?’. British Medical Journal: 338 [Online]. Available from: http://www.bmj.com/content/338/bmj.b1963#alternate. Morrissey, J. Callgahan, P. (2011). Communication skills for mental health nurses. Maidenhead: Open University Press. National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health (2007). Dementia: The NICE-SCIE Guideline on supporting people with dementia and their carers in health and social care. London: The British Psychological Society and Gaskell and Social Care Institute for Excellence and NICE. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) (2013). Falls: assessment and prevention of falls in older people: NICE clinical guideline 161. London: NICE. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) (2008). Type 2 Diabetes: The Management of type 2 diabetes. London: NICE. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) (2006). Dementia: Supporting people with dementia and their carers in health and social care. London: NICE. Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) (2008). The Code: Standards of conduct, performance and ethics for nurses and midwives. London: NMC. Pearson, A., Field, J., Jordan, Z. (2009). Evidence-Based Clinical Practice in Nursing and health Care. Assimilating Research, Experience and Expertise. Oxford. Blackwell Publishing. Polit, D. Beck, C. (2010). Essentials of nursing research: appraising evidence for nursing practice. 7th ed. London: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Popp, J. Arlt, S. (2011). ‘Pharmacological treatment of dementia and mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease’. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 24(6), pp. 556-561. Porsteinsson, A., Drye, L., Pollock, B., Devanand, D., Frangakis, C. Ismail, Z., Marano, C., Meinert, C., Mintzer, J., Munro, C., Pelton, G., Rabins, P., Rosenberg, P., Schneider, L., Shade, D., Weintraub, D., yesavage, J. Lyketsos, C. (2013). ‘Effect of citalopram on agitation in Alzheimer disease: the CitAD randomized clinical trial’. JAMA, 311(7), pp. 682-691. Repper, J. Perkins, R. (2003). Social inclusion and recovery: A model for mental health practice. London: Balliere Tindall. Sakamoto, M., Ando, H. Tsutou, A. (2013). ‘Comparing the effects of different individualized music interventions for elderly individuals with severe dementia’, International Psychogeriatrics. 25(5), pp. 775-784. Smith, G., Greogry, K. Higgs, A. (2007). An integrated approach to family work for psychosis. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. UK Legislation (2007) Mental Health Act 2007 [Online]. Available from: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2007/12/contents (Accessed: 13th May, 2014). Wall, M. Duffy, A. (2010). ‘The effects of music therapy for older people with dementia’. British Journal of Nursing, 19(2), pp. 108-113. Wright, N. Stickley, T. (2013). Concepts of social inclusion, exclusion and mental health: A review of the international literature. London: SAGE. Wright, J., Turkington, D., Kingdon, D. Basco, M. (2009). Cognitive-behaviour therapy for severe mental illness: An illustrated guide. USA: American Psychiatric Publishing Inc. How to cite Evidence-based Interventions for a Patient Suffering from Dementia, Essay examples

Feminism in Jane Eyre Essay Example For Students

Feminism in Jane Eyre Essay Jay SheldonFeminism has been a prominent and controversial topic in writings forthe past two centuries. With novels such as Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice,or even William Shakespeares Macbeth the fascination over this subject byauthors is evident. In Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre the main character, JaneEyre, explores the depth at which women may act in society and finds her ownboundaries in Victorian England. As well, along with the notions of feminismoften follow the subjects of class distinctions and boundaries. There is an ample amount of evidence to suggest that the tone of JaneEyre is in fact a very feminist one and may well be thought as relevant to thewomen of today who feel they have been discriminated against because of theregender. At the beginning of the 19th century, little opportunity existed forwomen, and thus many of them felt uncomfortable when attempting to enter manyparts of society. The absence of advanced educational opportunities for womenand their alienation from almost all fields of work gave them little option inlife: either become a house wife or a governess. Although today a tutor may beconsidered a fairly high class and intellectual job, in the Victorian era agoverness was little more than a servant who was paid to share her scarce amountof knowledge in limited fields to a child. With little respect, security, orclass one may certainly feel that an intelligent, passionate and opinionatedyoung woman such as Jane Eyre should deserve and be capable of so much more. The insecurity of this position, being tossed around with complete disregard forher feelings or preferences, is only one of many grueling characteristics ofthis occupation. However for Jane to even emerge into society, becoming agoverness seemed the only reasonable path for her. The women of the Victorian Era can be regarded as the first group to dobattle for the equality of the sexes. They lead all women to follow after them,and though their progression may not have been as vivid as the women of the 70s,they did have an effect. Feminism was not outright spoken of in this time,rather passed through literature, such as this very novel. Stories and novelswere the primary means in which to communicate information and ideas in thattime. Without mass communication systems books were the few informationcarrying devices to cross borders, and encompass lands whenever people traveled. Though many agree that Jane Eyre is a feminist novel, there are some who arguethat Charlotte Brontes only intention was to argue the social structure of thetime. They argue that the use of a women was simply so Bronte could relate tothe main character, not to prove any point in regards to equality of men and ofwomen. However, those who do see the feminist tendency in this novel may backtheir point by citing Janes response to Rochesters proposal in chapter 23 asone of the earlier breakthroughs towards feminism. Do you think I can stay to become nothing to you? Do you think I am anautomation?-a machine without feelings? and can you bear to have my morsel ofbread snatched from my lips and my drop of living water dashed from my cup? Doyou think because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soul andheartless? You think wrong! I have as much soul as you, and full as muchheart I am not talking to you now through the medium of custom,conventionalities, nor even of mortal flesh; it is my spirit that addressesyour spirit; just as if both had passed through the grave, and we stood at Godsfeet, equal, as we are!This quotation explicitly portray Brontes attempt to raise the issue of sexualequality. Jane is fighting for her individuality in this quote, and refuses tobe reduced to some mere machine. She will not act in the manner that customor conventionalities would deem her to act, but through her own free will. .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199 , .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199 .postImageUrl , .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199 , .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199:hover , .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199:visited , .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199:active { border:0!important; } .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199:active , .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199 .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9cb8a6630bb9b809120b2e3bd7177199:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Asedfds EssayThis is vividly a females attempt to break free of the mold that society hasattempted to set her in. This is very comparable to William Shakespeares TheMerchant of Venice in which a man of Jewish descent, Shylock, is trying to showto others how he is no different from them. He asks them whether or not a Jewwill bleed when pricked, or whether or not they experience emotion, or havedimensions. Just as his famous speech is one for the equality of the races,this quote is one for the equality of the sexes. Jane proclaims to Rochesterthat she has as much soul as him and just full as heart. Showing that asa women she is no different from him, and thus should be treat ed no differentlyis evidently attempting the same effect as Shylock in The Merchant of Venice. The end of this quotation explicitly states that when they both die they willstand at Gods feet equal as we are. Jane Eyre lived a hard life, filled with hatred and anger. However, herability to overcome all of this shows her strength, a power that women such asBlanche Ingram or the other superficial women would not posses. Her ability tocomfort the aunt who had once treated her terribly is more power than somepeople could ever hope to obtain. Though the death of her good friend Helen dideffect Jane deeply, her maturation throughout the novel gives her the ability tocope with disaster more readily. When she found out that the man she loved wasalready married, she was able to control herself better than many men would everbe able to. When leaving Rochester the feelings of sadness, betrayal, andremorse were overwhelming and the floods overflowed her. However, she wasstill able to break free. Though her leaving could be interpreted in many ways:as an attempt to follow the moral pathways for once; perhaps as a religiousenlightenment; or as a display of the power she has accumulated as a women andhe r ability to resist to power of others (something another women may not havebeen able to do). Female power is still limited by emotion, as with all other aspects of humanability. Though it took strength to leave Rochester, it was not simply throughthis strength that she acted. We are able to see that in fact she felt terribly. She was thinking that her hopes were all dead struck with a subtle doom,such as, in one night, fell on all the firstborn in the land of Egypt. Shelooked on her cherished wishes, yesterday so blooming and glowing; They laystark, chill, livid, corpses, they could never revive. She looked at herlove: that feeling which was my masters which he had created; it shivered inmy heart, like a suffering child in a cold cradle. It is evident that Jane isleft with a bitter feeling after this shocking incident. This may have beenused to express that though the two sexes should be treated equally, theirdifferences do exist. The emotional side of females is thoroughly shown in thisquotation. Jane appears to have been almost completely taken away by thesefeelings, whereas Rochester not so much. Though this is left up to the readerto decide, as with many other aspects of this novel, it appears to me thatBronte is attempting to express the feminine side of Jane. This is one of thefew times in the nov el when we get such a close look at the female side of Jane,and thus allows us to reevaluate our gender specific thinking. .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1 , .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1 .postImageUrl , .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1 , .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1:hover , .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1:visited , .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1:active { border:0!important; } .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1:active , .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1 .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufb6e4971ab093782f0a760699d90e2a1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sex Education EssayThe novel Jane Eyre is one that can be interpreted in many differentways. No definite resolution is ever seen upon whether Bronte meant to judge tosexual placement of that time, however as in many other novels the analysis isleft up to the reader and thus will vary from person to person. Though I maysee this novel as one full of passages criticizing the gender specific fiber ofthat time, others may see it as simply an every day experiences of a governesswho falls in love with a man who is already married. Category: English

The XBOX 360 Kinect Intelligent Controller

Target Research Essays

Target Research Essays Target Research Essay Target Research Essay Individual Research Proposal Introduction In this day and age, we cannot deny that technology is a key aspect of our daily lives and has definitely made our lives more efficient and convenient in several aspects. 61 million individuals are using mobile phones for health related topics, 29 million patients exchange emails with physicians, and 9 million consumers use health communities online (Nicole Lucille). However, many pharmacies are currently not exploiting technology to benefit their companies to their fullest potential. It Is thus essential that technology Is embraced to allow pharmacies to gain a better understanding of their customers and their needs. After doing research in the technology area, I have found several methods in which pharmacies are adapting to improve their businesses. These include creating phone applications, the use of social media, utilizing and analyzing their patients data and the use of cloud storage. Through our past meetings, I understand our group does not want to move in the direction of Improving Targets phone applications due to the technicalities involved. In view of our short time span to work on Targets case, as well as our familiarity with social media platforms, I propose that we look into the use of social media and the collection and analysis of patients data. Social Media The power of social media is evident in the statistics and the results it produces. In the recent years of marketing, 93% of marketers use social media for their business (Peelers), reflecting a major shift In direction In how companies advertise and publicize. 7% of Americans say that Backbone has a greater Impact on their archiving behavior (Bell) and 80% of Backbone users prefer to connect with brands on Backbone (Peelers). 57% of marketers have acquired customers via their blobs and 52% of consumers say blobs impacted their purchasing decisions (BOB Informatics). In addition, only 11% of Americans trust the Pharmacy Industry (Lucille) which reflects a lot on the relationships that have been created between the industry and its customers. These statistics ar e Important for companies as It shows consumers spending most of their time on social media platforms. Thus, It Is evident that the roll is becoming more social and it is time for more pharmaceutical industries to jump in and get in line with this trend. Target currently has a social media platform but it does not seem to be utilizing it to its maximum potential and moreover, does not bring in the pharmaceutical aspect of its business into it. At the Ephraim Connect conference In 2012, it was identified that for industries to use social media effectively, It needs to be customer centric, consistently used and engaging for the consumers (Hammond). This Is something that pharmacies need to take note of when implementing the use of social media in their businesses. One successful company that has used social media effectively is Sansei Diabetes US. They experimented ways in engaging their patients by setting up a Discuss Diabetes Blob and free online education sessions for their patients (Pectoral). This allowed the company to improve and focus on the health and wellbeing of the patients that they served, engaging with also created Risk, Inc. , which allows patients to access news that is important to them at their convenience (Nasty). Austereness uses Twitter to host chats about attains prescription programs as well, which allows the company to receive feedback on their prescriptions, reaching out to more patients in an effective manner (Pectoral). These companies use the various social media platforms to connect on a deeper level with their patients, creating a closer customer relationship and thus greater value in their services. Data collection The use of technology allows companies to collect data in real time. Imagine going beyond Just a simple app, but one that monitors a persons health and gives a patient radical warnings when their health is taking a down turn. Anne O Ordain, Global Managing Director of Accentuates Life Sciences industry group, mentions that technologies can help bring products to market more quickly by allowing patients to provide real-time data right from their own homes (Accentuate). In addition, the extensive use of technology could allow one to gain greater insight on customers. Through the analysis of their medical records, financial, genetic and patient reported data, companies can provide a greater overall value to patients at lowest costs (Accentuate). The Problem Currently, Target seems to be failing miserably in the technological aspect of its company and is at present, not monopolizing technology to its advantage. Its cartwheel app was invented to provide discounts and various benefits to customers but instead has generated negative reviews from the public. The difficulty in finding it and navigating around the app to access the various functions that are available is frustrating for customers Geoff Bagel). In addition, having downloaded Targets main app myself, I realized that the pharmacy tab in their app, leads the user back to Targets official website, which defeats the purpose of the app all together. Looking at their current use of social media platforms such as Backbone, communication is only one way, from Target to consumers. No personal relations are created between Target and its customers through the use of the papas and social media platforms, which is vital should target wish to maximize its customer retention rate. The conclusion I draw from my research is that Target customers want something simple that provides value. Proposal I believe, to provide the greatest value and convenience to customers, Targets hermetically business can use social media platforms and an in-depth analysis of their patients data to improve customer relations, which in turn will improve revenues. The use of social media in advertising in the pharmaceutical industry is tightly regulated by the government (Anna Washerwomen) and this is probably deterring Target from expanding into this area. In depth analysis of customers data could result in having to deal with privacy issues as well. Is it worth it then, for Target to enter into this arena? Definitely. Companies such as Brayer U. S (Washerwomen) have overcome these obstacles by being more conscientious and investing greater time and energy to monitor such platforms, ensuring that they are used well within the these obstacles and monopolizing Targets use of technology to strengthen the relationships of the company and its customers. Reaching out to one person through social media is equivalent to reaching out to the hundreds in that persons social circle, resulting in an exponential increase in awareness of Targets efforts. In addition, by using in-depth data analysis, Target can cater its various products more accurately to meet their individual consumers needs. Conclusion Customer relations are vital to any business and in this tech save. y age of ours, there is no better way to create that connection then through the use of technology. In addition, technology will provide much needed convenience, efficiency and tools, if used properly, that are able to better allow Target to provide for its customers. Sooner or later, Target will have to use such tools to better market its products and by not doing so, Target might find itself lagging behind in the industry. Why start later when we can start now?

Apply Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Apply Critical Thinking - Essay Example In childhood education literature we also witness ‘non sequitors’, which is an attempt to create a cause and effect relationship where none exists. For example, the claim that, since enrolments to schools have increased over time the overall standards must have also gotten better is a non-sequitor. Empirical studies show no correlation between these two parameters. ‘Faulty Analogy’ is comparing apples with oranges. To say that public schooling will fail in the USA because it has failed to impress in China or India is a faulty analogy. One has to also take into account the economic, social, cultural and political conditions that bear upon educational outcomes. ‘Equivocation’ is the deliberate attempt to confuse the reader by obscuring one’s position on the subject. A policy maker or legislator who says that public schooling should be encouraged while also supporting government austerity measures is guilty of equivocating. Equivocation is c losely tied to logical contradiction. Finally, a commonly found fallacy in childhood education literature is that of ‘petitio principii’, also called ‘begging the question’. If proponents of the existing education system are correct in their praise of the system, it then begs the question why American children fare poorly in comparison to their counterparts in Western European

Teaching music to Children in a General Education Classroom Essay

Teaching music to Children in a General Education Classroom - Essay Example According to Joanne, (2), the cognitive developmental theory is fundamental in understanding how minds make logic of music as it is heard. Some of the goals include imparting formal and intuitive knowledge. Joanne, (2), argues that, a teacher is supposed to learn significantly during the music experiments. The cognitive theory is fundamental in helping the teacher to succeed in balancing the mismatch of assumptions between a student and a teacher. Similarly, the cognitive theory enables a teacher to acknowledge the children’s formal and informal ways of understanding. Another goal that a teacher can achieve by applying the cognitive theory is the ability to use the children’s descriptions as vital evidence in understanding their musical development (Joanne, 4). Equally, the theory enables teachers to draw conclusions from the children’s oral drawings, imagery and spatial ordering of such things like bells to disclose the clandestine and interior nature of inner i nquiry and approximating an indisputable knowledge of musical development.... I agree with his theory Jon Dewey believed that, children be encouraged to develop free personalities and taught on how to think and make judgments. I agree with this theory Maria, Montessori believed in individualized education. I agree with this theory John Holt, the pioneer and advocate for Home Education. Holt believed that children study best when; they are allowed to pursue their own interests rather than imposing learning on them. I agree with this theory. Marie Clay, the pioneer of Balanced Literacy Model and Reading Recovery. Marie believed the reading recovery component served well in lifting the low achievers. I agree with this theory. Jerome Bruner, the pioneer of discovery theory. Bruner discovered psychology and embraced a constructivist approach. Bruner believed that the discovery theory based on the assumption that a child learns and remembers better, what he/she discovers. Conversely, Bruner believed that, the children are able to recall new information if they assoc iate it to something they already understand. I agree with his theory. Howard Gardener, the pioneer of multiple intelligence theory. Gardener believed that children developed diverse aspects of intelligence. I agree with this theory (Joanne, 6). John Holt’s theory of advocating for Home Education best fits my interests and a fully align to it. Choose two instruments on pages 16-19 that you would like to share with your children. Name the instruments. Describe the instruments. Describe how the instruments are played? How will you use the instruments with your children? 1. Jingle Bells A bell is a musical instrument that produces different sounds when played. A bell is played by using a stick or a small metal rod or shaking. The instrument can be used to teach the

Critique Of The Movie For Colored Girls English Literature Essay

Critique Of The Movie For Colored Girls English Literature Essay Problems that face women presented in the movie: All these women unknown to them cross paths and their lives interact throughout the movie. The movie is structured such that each of the women has their own stories and problems that are facing them. The movie is based on the problems that the women were facing at the period of the production of the play in 1975. Time has changed but the issues that were facing the women in the 1970s are still relevant in this day and age. This are still the same issues that women are facing in our current millennium. The movie slowly develops and all this women come together to openly share their troubles. The movie mainly revolves around the problems that the cast of nine African-American are facing in their lives. The issues presented in the movie mainly consist of HIV/STDS, rape, abortion, abandonment, infidelity and male cruelty. The paper is going to pick the theme of HIV and STDs, rape and infidelity and male dominance. HIV and STDs: The text has highlighted this as one of the major problem that faces women in the world. Many of them are infected by their unfaithful partner and are oblivious to the fact that they are infected until the symptoms of the infection start to show. The movie clearly has approached the issue of HIV and STDs in the society. The first character to present this theme is Kelly. Accompanied by her husband she visits a physician who after conducting a few tests tells her that she has an untreated sexually transmitted disease that she has had for a long time. The doctor explains to her n her husband that the untreated sexually transmitted infection has robbed her of her ability to have child bearing ability since her womb has become weakened. Kelly is distraught and run wait leaving her husband at the doctors office. Later that night at their home Kelly confesses to her husband what had really transpired so that she contracted the infection. She explains to him that long before the two were married she was having a sexual relationship with a man who unknown to her was having a sexual relationship with a friend of hers. She traces her infection to this incident in her life which she greatly regrets since it had caused her infertility. H er husband however is supportive and tells him that he loves her despite the incident. He decides to stand by her in her problems. This theme is also brought out by Jo who we see confronting her husband on his infidelity. Jo has recently discovered that her husband was having sexual relationships with other men. She had discovered this while the two were at an opera and Jo caught her husband exchanging glances with another man. She later had taken a HIV test which turned out to be positive. She discovers that her husband through his relationship had infected her with HIV and she asks him not to be sorry for anything since he knowingly committed the infidelity. She kicks him out of her house and she goes to share her problems with the other women in the movie. Juanita offers Jo comfort and readily offers her advice on how to live positively even with HIV. Juanita is on the forefront and advices women on the use of condoms so as to avoid unnecessary problems from sex. Rape: The text has discussed rape and has shown that in our present time the rate of rape is still high most of the rape cases go unnoticed and many women shy away from reporting such cases due to the stigma and shame that is attached to rape. Mainly in the developing world rape and sexual harassment is still a serious problem that faces women all around the world. The movie has effectively presented this plight. In the movie we see a number of rapes and sexual belittling of women which is a problem that is still face women in our current times. Yasmine in the movie is having what looks like a good time at a restaurant with a man named Bill at a restaurant. She later lets Bill into her house and he takes advantage of her. He undresses and undresses her. Her forces himself onto her, first he fiercely assaults her before raping her. Yasmine ends up in hospital and even with Kellys husband trying to ask her about the rape she offers no information but rather offers him a poem as her answer. We later learn in the movie that Billy had been stabbed by another woman who he had tried to rape also. The theme is advanced further in the movie in the scene where Alice is furious and bursts into Tangies apartment to confront her about her advising Nyla to go to the abortionists. In the ensuing argument it becomes apparent that Tangie is also a victim of rape. From the argument we learn that Tangies grandfather who was Alices father had raped her. It is also apparent that Tangies grandfather had had his way with Nyla. Alice also reveals that her father had raped her and taken her virginity at an early age. The scene also reveals that Alices father had forced her to have a baby with an old white man when she was just fifteen. The men that they had trusted the most and who were supposed to protect them had been the same people who had hurt them. Infidelity and male dominance: The movie also furthers this theme. This is shown first by the incident of Kelly contracting a sexually transmitted disease. She discloses to her husband that her previous lover was having a sexual relationship with her friend. It was this infidelity that had cost her the ability to bear children. Jos husband is always coming home late and when she confronted him at one point he claims that his phone battery had died. Jos husband had also infected her with HIV since he was having extra marital sexual relationships with other men. She confronts him about it and it becomes apparent that he was having unprotected sex with other men and thus had contracted HIV which he had passed on to his wife. Male dominance is also shown by Jos husband who claims that since Jo earns more than he does and provides for the family he feels that he has been robbed of his masculinity and has to succumb to her control. Crystals husband also exemplifies male dominance and sheer cruelty when he come home to find a man in the drive way. He quickly assumes that the man is his wifes lover and he storms into the house to confront her about it. He shouts and abuses her and eventually takes their children and he drops out of their apartment window. The children die from the fall. Jo then realizes the level of abuse that Crystal has to go through every day. Crystal had to suffer through this due to her husbands machismo that asserts to him that he had dominance over her since she was his wife and she was a woman. Bill also furthers the theme of male dominance since he forces himself on women so is Alices father who raped her and robbed her of her virginity. Male dominance in the movie has been built up on the lines of viewing women as sexual objects At the end of the movie all the women meet at the top of balcony and they all discuss openly their problems. They stand by each other and offer each other comfort through their struggles. They prove to the audience that women need to stick together and support each other through their problems.

Canada Goose

Canada Goose has shown excellent performance and numbers ever since Dani Reiss took over as CEO of the company in 2001. In the decade since, the company has registered an astounding 4000% growth leading many in the industry to deem Reiss as a visionary. Canada Goose has established strong markets in many European countries, especially the Scandinavian ones in addition to its home base in Canada.What is more surprising is that the company has been able to achieve such phenomenal success at the most meagre of marketing budgets – marketing including salaries accounted for 10% of Canada Goose’s total revenue. Organic marketing, including word of mouth marketing were the company’s biggest draws and speak volumes about the well-established brand’s loyalty and value amongst its customers. I would give the brand an excellent score of 9 on a 1 to 10 scale of brand strength.Through proper brand management, the company has been able to establish an aura of exclusivit y around the brand – this is even more impressive when you consider that the brand had initially started out as a utilitarian brand, nowhere close to high end, luxury jacket manufacturers out there. By effectively using marketing tools, Canada Goose has indeed now become more of a status symbol for many and the demand for these sought after products has always outstripped supply by a mile.An example of how the management effectively were able to establish Canada Goose as a high-end, authentic brand is as follows – before Dani took over the company utilized product placement and would give bouncers outside bars who had to stand in the extreme cold all night their jackets but now the company has signed a sponsorship deal with Fairmont Hotels and outfits all the bellhops, greeters and doormen at every Fairmont Hotel in Canada Goose jackets. Not only does it help to strengthen the brand’s association with exclusivity but it also bolsters the association that Canada Goose has with Canadian Heritage and History.The fact that Canada Goose jackets never go on sale, even during big shopping events during Christmas, is proof of the brand’s tenacity. Like other luxury brands, for example Louis Vuitton – who has famously never gone on sale – Canada Goose jackets as well have never been sold for a discount. They are instead often sold at a premium by many of its retailers. The fact that there have been numerous attempts by large national retailers to order the company’s jackets, which were all turned down by the company is testament to the brand’s forte.Consistently good sales and a general increase in brand awareness has led the management to rethink its strategy and start stocking at national retailers as well. Canada Goose’s ability to combine jackets that were chic yet fully functional is the company’s differential advantage. The industry has many competitors, both high end brands which sell jackets at higher price points than Canada Goose and others that were driven by functionality and sold for lower prices. However the company felt unthreatened by both.An unlikely indicator of brand strength for Canada Goose would be the fact that the company is plagued by piracy and counterfeit issues. Although by itself it is a bad thing but it speaks volumes about the fact that the brand is popular and has a high enough demand that pirates want to mint money by using Canada Goose’s iconic brand.   The fact that these jackets are made in Canada are another aspect that add to the brand’s strength. This appeals to the locals by inciting patriotism and for international customers it adds to the products authenticity – who would no winter outerwear better than Canadians?Once a brand has orders coming in, products being sold at higher prices than the MSRP, repeat orders during one season and organic band expansion to international markets it means that the brand is fully developed on a sound and stable footing. Canada Goose has achieved just that. Brand loyalty is at an all-time high, people think it’s chic and fashionable to wear the company’s jackets and even the company’s round logo with a map of the Arctic is extremely popular.Reiss and his team have indeed developed an enviable brand in Canada Goose and from here there is only one way to go to – forward. Question 2 Canada Goose is truly at an enviable position at this point in time. The brand commands excellent sales, has immense awareness and demand for its products actually is far more than the supply. There are certain advantages that come along with such brand strength, I’ll discuss three of these in what follows.Ability to Innovate The company has shown excellent numbers ever since Reiss took over as CEO and  is financially in a position to reinvest profits into developing new product lines. Indeed innovation has been the hallmark for the brand and the company has consistently developed products that are not only technologically at the cutting edge but also are up to date in terms of fashion as well. Premium Pricing Since the demand for the brand has traditionally outstripped supply, the company can easily and without loss charge a premium from its customers. As mentioned the company sells its products at a 100% markup and which in turn translate into increased revenues.Selection of Distribution Channels Canada Goose’s impressive numbers lend to it a semblance of autonomy. The company is in a position to dictate its terms and conditions to distributors, rather than the other way round. Traditionally the company has used only curated small independent retailers, which helped the company establish the brand’s exclusivity but is now in a position to leverage the Canada Goose brand to nationwide retailers and reap the benefits of increased research.Increased Brand Awareness  Brand awareness is at an all-time high. The brand is usually assumed to be synonymous with Canadian heritage and culture and at a 2010 G8 conference the then Finance Minister present Canada Goose jackets as souvenirs to visiting delegates from member countries. Owning a Canada Goose is considered to be a privilege by its customers and loyalty translates into increased brand awareness. This added flexibility can help the company cut down marketing costs and hence focus on product development.Question 3The company is at a juncture where it has to decide to either go forward with nationwide sales or stick to its current strategy of local retailers, which has brought the company so far. However saying no to either of the two orders would be suicidal for the company. Stagnation The company has a potential to use the brand’s current standing to lure more sales and increase its customer base widely. However if they continue to do business as usual, there is a risk of the company peaking out sooner and dying down. Increasing C ompetitionExtreme weather outerwear is a very fiercely competitive industry. If the company refuses to expand, there is a very strong risk of some of its closest competitors, most likely The North Face to overtake Canada Goose and gain some of its market share. Increasing competition translates into decreasing market share. Promote Counterfeits Expansion of the company’s sales net is one way to rid Canada Goose of the menace of piracy. When there is only a limited number of retailers, currently localized by geography, customers who want their products but can’t find them will be easier to con by pirates.This is especially true for online retails because currently the company just has two third party retailers online and unsuspecting customers can be easily lured to buy counterfeit products. In essence, changing the way the company does its business can be an indirect solution to the company’s piracy issues. Question 4 Canada Goose has a number of options which i t can avail if it chooses to expand. However there is always the risk of brand dilution due to saturation of the market with Canada Goose products, which obviously would be detrimental to what the company desires.However saying no to any of these opportunities is like rejecting growth. In addition, the company had recently had its first experience at retail chain distribution by stocking at Ontario-based Atheltic Legends. This experience had been very successful and Atheltic Legends had placed larger reorders. In what follows, I will discuss and compare all of the possible expansion opportunities that the company has based on market breadth, depth and share criteria. Option 1: Asmun’s Menswear Asmun’s Menswear has approached the company with the offer of a long term contract.Asmun’s is a 170 year old Canadian retail store with 10 branches nationwide, it stocks several of the best high end brands and is usually frequented by affluent women and men. It is perfectl y suited to the aspirations that Canada Goose has of becoming into a full-fledged luxury goods manufacturer. However that being said the current order by Canada Goose raises certain concerns, in my opinion, which should at least be evaluated before making a decision. Asmun’s has placed an order for four or five women’s jackets only and that too in their choice of colors and styles.I think this foretells the rigidity that the established retail giant has or will have once Canada Goose gets into relationship with them. No company wants an over bearing distributor. To make matters more difficult, Asmun’s had requested Reiss that they be allowed to use Canada Goose’s products in store’s print advertisements. Since these advertisements went out to almost anyone who signs up with them and also since Canada Goose had as a principle never used advertising as a marketing tool, went against Canada Goose’s current marketing strategy.There is always the chance that this increased used of advertisements and other variations in the marketing mix, could lead to brand dilution – something that the company so dearly wants to avoid. Freedman, Asmun’s representative has also told Reiss that if they stock men’s products in the future – Canada Goose will have to be exclusive to them. I would consider this to be a veiled threat, since what they are doing is that not only are they dictating terms of this contract but also of future contracts.If Asmun’s offer to eventually begin stocking men’s merchandise as well does materialize, Asmun’s would be a good alternative in terms of market breadth. The retailer is frequented by affluent women over the weekdays and has an equal split between men and women over the weekends. These customers have the budgets to afford Canada Goose jackets. Also since the store has a veritable history stretching 170 years, they certainly will have loyal customers who pr efer to shop only at Asmun’s.This means that repeat purchases (market depth) will be most likely possible here, provided Canada Goose gives the customers monetary incentives as well to come back and buy again. However market share is where this option seems to lack. Because currently they’ll only stock women’s clothing and also because the average customer for Canada Goose is anywhere from 18 to 60 years of age, the younger lot wouldn’t frequent the shop very often. Also the company’s 10 outlets pale in comparison to the other option 20. Upfront however both the options will represent 5% market share of Canada Goose’s business.Option 2: Levine’s Menswear Levine’s Menswear like the other option, is an established retail chain specializing in the ultimate high end premium men’s brands. It too has a heritage associated with its 50 years history and has 20 retail locations across Canada – and they also have plans to e xpand by 20 more in the near future. Levine’s was synonymous with high quality menswear and stocked the best luxury brands from across the world. It is well suited with the company’s plans of furthering strengthening its status as a premium brand.This order, in my opinion offered Canada Goose a lot more flexibility. Unlike Asmun’s, they weren’t overbearing on ordering decisions and placed a larger upfront order of 8 to 10 different jacket styles, with the possibility to increase the number in subsequent orders. Also the average customer at Levine’s was a working male, who had enough disposable income and didn’t necessarily care about cost when making a buying decision. In addition to being exposed to these affluent customers, Levine’s had given the go ahead to Canada Goose that they’ll stock the company’s newer prototype models as well.This was the first time any distributor had favorably responded to prototypes the comp any developed. The biggest drawback in terms of market breadth that this offer has is that the retailer is completely men-centric. This means that although the number of male customers would definetly rise, women’s sales won’t be growing at much the same rate. Again since these store were frequented by affluent males, Canada Goose might be missing out on its younger customers. Another advantage that this option offered is that they are a much larger chain of stores then Asmun.40 stores in the near future means that there will be 3 times as many customers to serve as Asmun’s. If managed effectively, the greater number of stores can translate into increased sales. Like Asmun’s, the store has a veritable history and loyal clients. In addition, these clients have the ability to pay a premium for the same products sold at another competing stores just because of its excellent customer service and brand reputation. Market depth will be maximized by going for th is option.Market share is bound to increase as well because these stores will offer Canada Goose a much larger client base, in addition this client base has the capacity to pay for these products. Option 3: Going for Both If the company is able to strike out a deal with Asmun’s to accept men’s products even when the company is stocking at Levine’s Menswear or if they divide their men and women product lines between these two stores, the company can achieve maximum benefit. In terms of market breadth, the company will now have the most varying type of customers and the numbers for both the stores will definitely add up.However there is a chance that repeat purchases (or market depth) might suffer as a result of going for both the options. There is a chance that the market may become saturated by the sudden influx of Canada Goose products at two giant national retailers leading retailers to make less frequent purchases because they aren’t able to get their existing inventory out of the stores. In the off chance that this does happen, Canada Goose needs to devise an effective strategy to tackle this – which can probably mean allowing discounts, something that is against the nature of the company.However by stocking at two national retailers with their own set of loyal customers, market share would definitely increase. These stores with their extensive network of retail outlets and efficient supply chain systems will be able to sell more products quickly than say for instance, the small independent retailers. The common threat from the first three expansion strategies is that of brand dilution. Since the brand will now be sold it more locations, if not managed well, there is a chance of it loosing that brand exclusivity that the company has nurtured so far.Also to successfully go and tap international markets, the company needs to carry out extensive market research that will aid in product development. The product will need to b e modified for regions, for instance, where the winters may not be as severe as they are in Canada. Option 4: International Expansion/Buying back Distribution Rights Canada Goose already has established sales in 28 countries. In fact, Scandinavian countries were the ‘early adopters’ of the brand as a high end, chic and fashionable product rather than the home base in Canada.The company’s success in the European market proves that a market for Canada Goose exists internationally and that the company can effectively manage international distribution by giving distributor’s in the new countries full autonomy over product placement. This will not only increase sales and revenues but provide the company with valuable market research. For instance, Canada Goose’s distributor in Japan – Empire of the Sun Distribution Company Limited used its extensive knowledge about Asian tastes to guide the company to modify their products to suit local tastes.The Chilliwack bomber with its fitted design was an outcome of this collaboration and has gone on to become a market leader for the company in not only in Japan, but in other countries including Canada as well. Market breadth, depth and share all will definitely increase as a result of this expansion. The company’s already burdened supply chain will need to be upgraded to support this international expansion. A marketing department which can coordinate all these international ventures will be needed, as well as opening satellite offices in countries where sales are going really well (for instance, in Sweden).The risk associated with this move will be that there is a possibility that the over-reliance on third party distributors might lead them to become too powerful so as to pose a significant threat to company policy. A company wants to keep control of how its products reach the end user. To mitigate this risk, Canada Goose might consider Buying Back Distribution Rights in coun tries where sales are really well. So for instance in the Scandinavian countries the company can buy out the third party distributors and hence gain the maximum benefit from that market.This will also be a way to curb the threat posed by exceedingly autonomous distributors. Option 5: Increased Online Presence Canada Goose’s closest competitor, The North Face, has a much more wider audience online. Canada Goose can reach to a much wider customer base by selling its products to a greater number of third party retailers. However, there is a risk to doing this. Stores selling counterfeit jackets will become harder to discriminate by the customer – this threat is also posed by international expansion.Increasing piracy, an issue which underscores the fact that the brand is doing well, is a menace for the company and increased online sellers make it easier for pirates to con people. To mitigate this, the company can adopt a two pronged approach. Start a campaign to effectivel y teach customers on how to differentiate between genuine and fake products and second to file high profile public law suits to deter any potential pirates from copying your products. Question 5 If I were lucky enough to be in Dani Reiss’s place, I would start a tactical program to expand into new markets.Brand awareness and recognition is at an all-time high and the company has raked in enormous profits over the last decade. It is in a position of strength and has the ability to expand its business, in an effective way all the while maintaining its image of exclusivity and high-end fashion. Considering all the options discussed above, I suggest the company to deliver products to both the nationwide retailers Asmun’s and Levine’ Menswear. A good strategy would be to revise the contracts by talking to both the retailers and giving them incentives to do business on Canada Goose’s terms.To placate Asmun’s demand for exclusivity in the men’s bus iness, an appropriate strategy for the company would be to give the two stores distinct product lines. The company is in a position of strength and has exceptional innovation capabilities and coming out for distinctive product lines shouldn’t be too hard. By stocking at both the nationwide retailers, the company’s market share is bound to increase however this new development will definitely draw some ire from its current small independent retailers. These larger nationwide retailers can use their economies of scale to effectively price out the small retailers out of business.Canada Goose, as a socially responsible company, and also since these small retailers grouped together had significant bargaining power wouldn’t want to disappoint them. Multiple channel distribution is one of the most discussed topics in Marketing Strategy. While it is usually necessary and beneficial for a company to have multiple channels for distributing its products to the end customer ; it is at the same time tricky to manage this situation in a way where all the parties get along harmoniously. Canada Goose currently relies only on small independent retailers to deliver its  products and selects them after a thorough investigation to ensure that the retailer matches the brand’s persona.The company’s strategy to start stocking its product at national chains is bound to draw ire from its current customers, as is already visible in the email from Westboro Downtown’s owner. However it is not uncommon for companies to do business with both small retailers as well as retail chains; North Face as has been mentioned in the case is effectively harvesting both these channels. In the MM Micromotors Simulation as well we learned on how to balance multiple distribution channels.To allay concerns by small retailers, which when combined can pose a potent threat to the company’s sales, communication can be the most effective weapon in Canada Gooseâ €™s arsenal. A good idea will be to bring together all the small business owners, or at least the most prominent amongst them, and have them meet with Dani Reiss so that their concerns about being priced out can be addressed. Canada Goose can give them guarantees that they won’t do business with large retailers who engage in unfair discounting or using the economies of scale card in any harmful way.Effective, clear communication can go a long way in solving many of the conflicts with smaller retail stores. Another common way to manage conflicts between large and small distribution channels is to use pricing effectively. Marketers can use implements such as discounting from the ‘pricing toolkit’ to offer, for instance, bigger discounts to smaller retailers so that they can charge a higher markup and still sell at a price that is competitive with what the big national retailers are offering.What it means is that Canada Goose sells its products at a lower price to small retailers, so that they can earn larger profit per jacket. The big retailers can use the volume of sails to their advantage. Also since the company has already shown immense potential in international markets, a very potent part of the strategy would be to further develop international sales. The US, despite its geographical closeness, accounts for only 10% of all sales of the company – compared with Europe’s 40%!Adapting products for less severe winters, while still maintaining its prestige and roots can spell guaranteed success for the company. Product development will be key here. The company has to continue to evolve their designs to adapt to local tastes in these new markets because, for example, bulky winter wear isn’t necessarily the first choice for many in Asia where the climate is much warmer. Company owned retail stores can be a great asset for Canada Goose. A trend started very successfully by Apple, is now being replicated by any brand that wants to expand sales yet keep that feeling of exclusivity and class.The North Face has 28 company operated retail locations in the US that stock North Face outlets exclusively. These stores can be used as a tool to add to the brand’s premium feel. Louis Vuitton, for example, only follows this business model and sells only through its own stores. That being said, retail is a whole new ballgame unlike anything Canada Goose has done before. They’ll need to hire a new team to manage these operations, implement a revamped supply chain strategy and otherwise is very resource intensive.